In the post-colonial era, from the late 1950s to the present, the region has experienced several devastating inter-state wars, including the Ethiopian-Somali wars (1964, 1977-78, 2006-9), the Kenyan-Somali war (1963), the Ugandan-Tanzanian war (1978-79) and the Ethiopian-Eritrean border war (1998-2000).
What happened in the Horn of Africa?
The Horn of Africa has been repeatedly hit by drought over recent years. Poor rainfall across the region in 2010/2011, combined with massively inflated food prices, affected some 13 million people in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia in the Horn of Africa and also in Tanzania, East Africa.
What is the Horn of Africa known for?
Horn of Africa, region of eastern Africa. … It is the easternmost extension of African land and for the purposes of this article is defined as the region that is home to the countries of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia, whose cultures have been linked throughout their long history.
Who controlled the Horn of Africa?
Ruled by King Osman Mahamuud during its golden age, it controlled much of northeastern and central Somalia in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
How dangerous is the Horn of Africa?
Horn of Africa 2nd to Strait of Malacca as World’s Most Dangerous Place for Ships. In the past year, pirates have attacked more than 35 vessels off the coast of Somalia, in the Horn of Africa, making the region second only to the Strait of Malacca in Asia as the world’s most dangerous place for ships.
Why is there drought in the Horn of Africa?
The region was hit by an 18-month drought caused by El Niño and higher temperatures linked to climate change. Now, in the midst of even more drought, the situation has become catastrophic, causing crops to fail and cattle to die.
Why is the Horn of Africa a hotspot?
The Horn of Africa is one of only two entirely arid hotspots. … It is one of the most degraded of the world’s hotspots, due to overgrazing and charcoal harvesting. Endemic mammals include the Hamadryas baboon, Speke’s pectinator and 3 species of antelope.
What 4 countries make up the Horn of Africa?
- Horn of Africa (Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya)
- Sudan and Eritrea.
- South Sudan.
Is the Horn of Africa a desert?
During extended arid periods the Horn of Africa was linked to other deserts across the world, stretching down to the Namib and Kalahari in the south, reaching to the Sahara in the west, and through to the Middle East and Central Asia.
Why is East Africa known as the Horn of Africa?
THE PENINSULA OF NORTHEAST Africa is called the Horn of Africa. It lies opposite of the southern Arabian Peninsula. … The Horn of Africa also alludes to the shape of this area because it sticks out like that of a rhinoceros horn from the continent of Africa.
Which is the largest country in the Horn of Africa?
1) Algeria (2,381,741 square kilometers)
Algeria is the largest nation in Africa by area.
How did Islam spread in the Horn of Africa?
Islam gained momentum during the 10th century in West Africa with the start of the Almoravid dynasty movement on the Senegal River and as rulers and kings embraced Islam. Islam then spread slowly in much of the continent through trade and preaching.
What is Horn of Africa Upsc?
The North-Eastern region of the African continent including the countries of Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti and Somalia is known as the Horn of Africa since the group of countries form a horn-like landmass over the peninsula.
What is the tip of Africa called?
Cape Agulhas, Africa’s southernmost point, is Portuguese for Cape of Needles. Historians think the name may be a reference to the needle-like rock formations and reefs along its coast.